An azo coupling is an organic reaction between a diazonium compound and another aromatic compound that produces an azo compound.
Examples of coupling reactions
Many procedures have been described. Phenol reacts with benzenediazonium chloride to give a yellow-orange azo compound. The reaction is base-catalysed.
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| An animation of the reaction mechanism |
The related dye called aniline yellow is produced from the reaction of aniline and the diazonium salt.
Naphthols are popular acceptors. One example is the synthesis of the dye "organol brown" from aniline and 1-naphthol:
Similarly β-naphthol couples with phenyldiazonium electrophile to produce an intense orange-red dye.
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