allmistry: Bismarck brown Y

Saturday, May 21, 2016

Bismarck brown Y - wiki

Bismarck brown Y (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Bismarck brown Y is a diazo dye. It is used in histology for staining tissues. It stains acid mucins to yellow color. It can be used with live cells. It is also used to stain cartilage in bone specimens, as one of Kasten'sSchiff-type reagents in the periodic acid-Schiff stain to stain cellulose, and in Feulgen stain to stain DNA.

It was more common in the past; today it is partially replaced by other stains.

Bismarck brown Y is a constituent of Papanicolaou stains.

It can also be used as a counterstain for Victoria blue R for staining of acid-fast microorganisms.

Histology (compound of the Greekwords: ἱστός histos "tissue", and -λογία -logia "science") is the study of themicroscopic anatomy of cells andtissues of plants and animals. It is commonly performed by examining cells and tissues under alight microscope or electron microscope, which have been sectioned, stained and mounted on a microscope slide.

Staining is an auxiliary technique used in microscopy to enhance contrast in the microscopic image.

Mucins (/ˈmjuːsᵻn/) are a family of highmolecular weight, heavily glycosylatedproteins (glycoconjugates) produced byepithelial tissues in most organisms of Kingdom Animalia. Mucins' key characteristic is their ability to form gels; therefore they are a key component in most gel-like secretions, serving functions from lubrication to cell signalling to forming chemical barriers. They often take an inhibitory role. Some mucins are associated with controllingmineralization, including nacre formation in mollusks,calcification in echinoderms and bone formation in vertebrates. They bind to pathogens as part of the immune system. Overexpression of the mucin proteins, especially MUC1, is associated with many types of cancer.

Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue, including the joints between bones, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes and the intervertebral discs. It is not as hard and rigid as bone, but it is stiffer and less flexible than muscle.

The Schiff test is an early organic chemistry name reaction developed byHugo Schiff, and is a relatively generalchemical test for detection of many organic aldehydes that has also found use in the staining of biological tissues. The Schiff reagent is the reaction product of a dye formulation such as fuchsin andsodium bisulfite; pararosaniline (which lacks an aromaticmethyl group) and new fuchsin (which is uniformly mono-methylated ortho to the dye's amine functionalities) are dye alternatives with comparable detection chemistry.

Papanicolaou stain (alsoPapanicolaou's stain and Pap stain) is a multichromatic staining cytological technique developed by George Papanikolaou, the father of cytopathology.